History of American Indians and the United States

Native America Today: #NoDAPL

Dr. Kane

mkane2@albany.edu

Humanities 109 | MWF 9:20 - 10:15 PM

Office Hrs: M 10:20 - 11:20 & F 1:30 - 3:30

Social Science 60S

Wednesday August 30

coming up

• Academic Honesty quiz Sept 11
• Ch 10 of First Peoples on BB
• keep a list of terms or events you don't recognize

#NoDAPL

• Estes - why do the Standing Rock Sioux have a historial or legal claim?
• why did #NoDAPL become such a national flashpoint?
• how do the authors talk about history and science?
• how did the Standing Rock Sioux oppose the pipeline before protests?
• why was the pipeline placed just north of the reservation boundary?
• how do the Standing Rock Sioux justify their protests?

Timeline

• 2014 - permit approval
• Mar 2016 - federal agencies request environmental impact survey
• Apr 2016 - protesters begin to camp
• May 2016 - construction begins
• Aug 2016 - ND declares state of emergency
• Sept 2 2016 - SRS files papers to protect specific burial sites
• Sept 3 2016 - DAPL construction moves to burial sites
• Sept 2016 - Congress temporarily haults construction
• Nov 21 2016 - water cannons used to disperse camp
• Feb 22 2017 - protest camp closed by force
• Apr 2017 - construction complete
• Aug 29 2017 - Injunction filed to shut down pipeline

sovereignty

• who exercises power in an area
• from God, from collective agreement, from relationship to land
• existed before contact - treaty rights are not "given"
• treaties are between two equal nations
• usufruct vs. dominion rights

federal recognition

• must comprise a distinct community
• have existed as a community from historical times
• must have retained a considerable measure of Indian culture
• must have political influence over its members
• must have membership criteria
• must have membership of individuals who descend from a distinct tribe and are not members of any other tribe

domestic dependent nations

• cannot have independent foreign relations
• limited powers of sovereignty
• federal trust relationship
• "Indians not taxed"
• within but not part of American nation

Native America today

• Termination era 1920 - 1975
• Indian Citizenship Act - 1924
• Indian Self-Determination Act - 1975
• Public Law 280 - 1953

settler colonialism

• US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand
• Finland, Israel, far eastern Russia
• land is required for population expansion and resources
• Native people hold land
• Native people do not consent to be governed
• "logic of erasure"
• connection to slavery

why #NoDAPL?

• violation of federal trust relationship
• violation of federal treaties
• violation of reserved rights in federal treaties
• legacies of 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie